Data

The logging data was recorded by the University of Montpellier (Laboratoire de Tectonophysique), which is part of the European Petrophysics Consortium (EPC) in .RD format (read by the log software package WellCAD). Data were processed by the European Petrophysics Consortium.

Logging Runs

Tool string	Pass	Top depth (mbsf)	Bottom depth (mbsf)	Pipe depth (mbsf)	Notes
1. ASGR	thru pipe	0	95.93	100.97
2. DIL45	Lower	75.90	97.95	75.49
3. ASGR	Lower	71.40	97.20	75.49
4. IDRONAUT	Lower	75.54	97.54	75.49
5. ABI40	Lower	74.61	97.54	75.49
6. OBI40	Lower	74.47	97.07	75.49
7. 2PCA	Lower	74.70	97.67	75.49
8. 2PSA	Lower Pass 1	76.59	96.09	75.49
9. 2PSA	Lower Pass 2	76.59	96.09	75.49
10. DIL45	Middle	58.10	78.05	56.55
11. ASGR	Middle	55.26	78.36	56.55
12. IDRONAUT	Middle	57.53	77.23	56.55
13. ABI40	Middle	57.16	71.85	56.55
14. 2PCA	Middle	59.37	78.10	56.55
15. DIL45	Upper	16.35	32.45	16.55
16. ASGR	Upper	15.32	27.92	16.55

A complete list of tool and log acronyms is available at http://brg.ldeo.columbia.edu/data/iodp-eso/exp310/exp_documents/iodp-eso-310-acronyms.html.

After completion of the coring, the drill string was pulled and the coring bit was changed for an open shoe casing to provide borehole stability in unstable sections and a smooth exit and entry of logging tools. In addition, a wiper trip was performed with fresh sea water (no drilling mud was used). Difficult borehole conditions often required the boreholes to be logged in key intervals where the HQ drill string was used as a temporary casing. All measurements were performed under open borehole conditions (no casing), with the exception of a few spectral gamma ray logs which were run through the steel pipes to obtain continuous geophysical information over the entire interval cored.

Hole M0005D was drilled and logged during Expedition 310. Logging operations were conducted from 98.01 mbsf upwards with data coverage by all slimhole tools over the lowermost Pleistocene sequence. A spectral gamma log was acquired through the steel drill pipes to provide a continuous log over the entire interval comprising lithologic Units I and II (i.e. last deglacial and older Pleistocene sequence). Open borehole logging was performed in three stages due to borehole instability, with casing set at 75.49 mbsf, 56.55 mbsf and 16.55 mbsf. In the lower logged section, borehole conditions were extremely good at the base, but optical images were slightly affected by cloudy borehole water at the top of this section. In the middle section of the borehole, conditions for logging were poor, as indicated by the caliper log which shows highly variable borehole diameters. Optical images could not be recorded in this interval due to difficulties entering the open borehole and the sonic tool was not deployed. In the upper section borehole conditions were also very poor and only the resistivity and spectral gamma tools were deployed.

The depths in the table are for the processed logs (after applying a depth shift to the sea floor). Generally, discrepancies may exist between the sea floor depths determined from the downhole logs and those determined by the drillers from the pipe length. Typical reasons for depth discrepancies are ship heave, wireline and pipe stretch, tides, and the difficulty of getting an accurate sea floor from the 'bottom felt' depth in soft sediment. However, for Tahiti these discrepancies should be small due to shallow water and hole depths. For the Tahiti wireline logs, the driller’s depth to the seafloor was used in all cases. Each tool was logged on an individual string often confined to key intervals of the borehole. While deploying all the tools separately, a fixed zero depth position was maintained at the top of the drill pipe in the heave-compensated rooster box, hence no depth shifting or reprocessing based on accelerometer data was necessary. Discrepancies in depths between initial zeroing and zeroing on removal of the tool were generally less than 0.03 m.

Processing

Depth shift: The original logs were first shifted to the sea floor using the driller’s depth to seafloor (-74.45 m below rig floor). For Tahiti, each tool was run on an individual string with no repeated measurements between strings, and no depth matching to a single reference log was carried out. Due to shallow water and hole depths and maintaining a fixed zero position at the top of the drill pipe, depth discrepancies between logs are minimal.

Environmental corrections: None were applied.

Acoustic data: The 2PSA tool was run at a frequency of 10 kHz in Pass 1 and 1 kHz in Pass 2 in order to calculate compressional and Stoneley velocities respectively. The data was filtered (frequency filter) in such a way that only the energy around the induced frequency (source) was analyzed. Waveform picking was done manually in the LogCrucher software package to ensure good quality data. Time picks were saved and the acoustic velocities were calculated (using the receiver spacing of 1 ft). All presented acoustic data is accurate. Where no clear first arrivals in the waveform were present in at least two receivers, a value of zero was entered in the database.

Spectral gamma ray: Gamma ray logs recorded through drill pipe should be used only qualitatively due to attenuation of the incoming signal.

Quality Control

The quality of the data is assessed by checking against reasonable values for the logged lithologies, by repeatability between different passes of the same tool, and by correspondence between logs affected by the same formation property (e.g. the resistivity log should show similar features to the acoustic log).

The quality of the ASGR Spectral Natural Gamma data is directly related to lithology in combination with logging speed. Despite logging speeds of 1.1 m/minute and a taking a sample every 10 cm (collecting gamma ray emissions of the formation for approximately 6 seconds for every sample) the amount of total counts obtained are still very low. This degrades the quality of the statistics that separates the raw counts into activity values of naturally occurring radioactive elements such as potassium (K), uranium (U) and thorium (Th). Negative K values are indicative of incorrect statistics. Gamma ray logs recorded through drill pipe should be used only qualitatively due to attenuation of the incoming signal. Gamma ray logs recorded through drill pipe should be used only qualitatively due to attenuation of the incoming signal.

Due to a short time period between the completion of coring (including wiper trip) and logging, the IDRONAUT data should be treated with great care. The hydrological properties of the borehole fluid measured with this tool represent more of a mixture between fresh sea water (used for coring and for the wiper trips) and true formation pore water.

A wide and/or irregular borehole affects most recordings, particularly those that require eccentralization and a good contact with the borehole wall. Hole diameter was measured by the caliper tool (2PCA) and can also be calculated from the acoustic imaging tool (2PSA).

A null value of -999.25 may replace invalid log values.

Additional information about the drilling and logging operations can be found in the Operations section of the Site Chapter in IODP Proceedings of Expedition 310. For further questions about the data, please contact:

Jennifer Inwood

University of Leicester

Phone: 011-44-116-252-3327

Fax: 011-44--116-252-3918

E-mail: iodp@le.ac.uk

For any web site-related problem please contact:

E-mail: logdb@ldeo.columbia.edu