Standard Wireline Data Processing

IODP logging contractor: USIO/LDEO

Hole: U1389A

Expedition: 339

Location: Gulf of Cadiz (eastern Atlantic Ocean)

Latitude: 36° 25.5183' N

Longitude: 7° 16.6907' W

Logging date: December 24, 2011

Sea floor depth (driller's): 656.2 m DRF

Sea floor depth (logger's): 656 m WRF (HRLA/HLDS/EDTC-B/HNGS Main Run)

Sea floor depth (logger's): 654 m WRF (FMS/DSI/GPIT/EDTC-B Pass 2)

Total penetration:  1011.1 m DRF (354.9 m DSF)

Total core recovered: 335.6 m (94 % of cored section)

Oldest sediment recovered: Pleistocene

Lithology:  Nannofossil mud, silty mud and silty sand.

 

 

 

Data

 

The logging data was recorded by Schlumberger in DLIS format. Data were processed at the Borehole Research Group of the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory in December 2011.

 

Logging Runs

 

Tool string Run/Pass Top depth (m WMSF) Bottom depth (m WMSF) Pipe depth (m WMSF)
Notes
1. HRLA/HLDS/HNGS/EDTC-B
Downlog
0
327
101.5
Invalid HLDS
Repeat Run
278
350
101.5

 

Main Run
0
356
101.5

Reference

2. FMS/DSI/EDTC-B
Downlog
0
324
101.5
Caliper closed
Pass 1
124
356
101.5
Pass 2
0
354
101.5
3. VSIT/EDTC-B
 
11 levels, 93 shots

 

 

Hole U1389A was prepared for logging with a 50 barrels sepiolite mud sweeep and a wiper trip, then flushed with 30 barrels of high-viscosity mud and displaced with 112 barrels of heavy (10.5 ppg, barite weighted) mud.

 

Maximum peak to peak ship heave was about ~0.7 m. The wireline heave compensator was used during the logging operation.

 

The depths in the table are for the processed logs (after depth shift to the sea floor and depth matching between passes). Generally, discrepancies may exist between the sea floor depths determined from the downhole logs and those determined by the drillers from the pipe length. Typical reasons for depth discrepancies are ship heave, wireline and pipe stretch, tides, and the difficulty of getting an accurate sea floor from a 'bottom felt' depth in soft sediment.

 

 

Processing

 

Depth shift to sea floor and depth match. The sea floor depth was determined by the step in gamma ray values at 656 m WRF. The logs were depth-shifted to the sea floor and then depth-matched to the gamma ray log from the main run of the HRLA/HLDS/HNGS/EDTC-B tool string (reference).

 

Depth matching is typically done in the following way. One log is chosen as reference (base) log (usually the total gamma ray log from the run with the greatest vertical extent and no sudden changes in cable speed), and then the features in the equivalent logs from the other runs are matched to it in turn. This matching is performed manually. The depth adjustments that were required to bring the match log in line with the base log are then applied to all the other logs from the same tool string.

 

Environmental corrections. The HLDS and HRLA data were corrected for the hole size during the recording.

 

High-resolution data. Bulk density (HLDS) data were recorded at sampling rates of 2.54 cm in addition to the standard sampling rate of 15.24 cm. The enhanced bulk density curve is the result of Schlumberger enhanced processing technique performed on the MAXIS system onboard. While in normal processing short-spacing data is smoothed to match the long-spacing one, in enhanced processing this is reversed. In a situation where there is good contact between the HLDS pad and the borehole wall (low-density correction) the results are improved, because the short spacing has better vertical resolution. Gamma Ray data from the EDTC-B and HNGS tools were recorded at sampling rates of 5.08 and 15.24 cm respectively. 

 

Acoustic data. The dipole shear sonic imager (DSI) was run with standard frequency in Monopole P&S and Upper Dipole modes. The compressionald and shear slowness data are generally of good quality and have been converted to acoustic velocities. Reprocessing of the original sonic waveformsis always recommended to obtain more reliable velocity results.

 

Quality Control

 

The quality of the data is assessed by checking against reasonable values for the logged lithologies, by repeatability between different passes of the same tool, and by correspondence between logs affected by the same formation property (e.g. the resistivity log should show similar features to the density log).

 

Gamma ray logs recorded through bottom hole assembly (BHA) and drill pipe should be used only qualitatively, because of the attenuation of the incoming signal. The thick-walled BHA attenuates the signal more than the thinner-walled drill pipe.

A wide (>12") and/or irregular borehole affects most recordings, particularly those that require eccentralization and a good contact with the borehole wall (HLDS). Hole diameter was recorded by the hydraulic caliper on the HLDS tool (LCAL) and also on the FMS tool (C1 and C2). The hole diameter was mostly in gauge, with generally thin washouts in places. Data noise was observed in the HRLA log when the head of the tool string emerged from the pipe. The density and photoelectric effect (PEF) log show anomalously high values due to the use of barite mud. They should be used qualitatively only.

 

A null value of -999.25 may replace invalid log values.

 

Additional information about the drilling and logging operations can be found in the Operations and Downhole Measurements sections of the expedition reports, Proceedings of the Integrated Drilling Program, Expedition 339. For further questions about the logs, please contact:

 

Tanzhuo Liu

Phone: 845-365-8630

Fax: 845-365-3182

E-mail: Tanzhuo Liu

 

Cristina Broglia

Phone: 845-365-8343

Fax: 845-365-3182

E-mail: Cristina Broglia