Standard Wireline Data Processing

 

 

Science operator: Texas A&M University

Hole: U1513D

Expedition: 369

Location: Mendelle Basin (SE Indian Ocean)

Latitude: 33° 47.6196' S

Longitude: 112° 29.1339' E

Logging date: October 31, 2017

Sea floor depth (driller's): 2800 m DRF

Sea floor depth (logger's): 2800 m WRF

Total penetration: 3557.4 m DRF (757.4 m DSF)

Total core recovered: 437.05 m (66% of cored section)

Oldest sediment recovered: not available at the time of writing

Lithology: nannofossil chalk, nannofossil claystone, glauconitic sandstone-siltstone-claystone, basalt 

 

 

 

Data

 

The logging data were recorded by Schlumberger in DLIS format. Data were processed at the Borehole Research Group of Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory in November 2017.

 

 

Logging Runs

 

Tool string
Pass
Top depth (m WMSF)
Bottom depth (m WMSF)
Pipe depth (m WMSF)
Notes
1. MSS/HRLA/DSI/HLDS/EDTC-B/HNGS
Downlog 1
0
352
~153
Caliper closed. Invalid HLDS.
Repeat
215
347
Recorded open hole
Main
0
345
~152
Reference
2. HRLA/DSI/HLDS/EDTC-B/HNGS
Downlog 2
0
335
~153.5
Caliper closed. Invalid HLDS.

 

 

Drilling at hole U1513D encountered some ledges at about 3200 m DRF, however, no wiper trip was performed. A sepiolite-seawater mud (10.5 lb/gal) was added to the hole prior to logging. Like in the previous two holes, a modified logging string was employed, which included the sonic (DSI) tool in place of the porosity (APS) tool. Unlike in the previous two holes, the magnetic susceptibility tool (MSS) was added at the bottom, below the gamma ray spectrometry (HNGS) tool. The first downlog proceeded without any difficulty to about 3149 m WRF (349 m WSF) where it stalled due to a ledge or a bridge. An overpull of more than 1,000 lbs had to be applied in order to free the tool string, possibly the result of clay falling from above. Any attempt to reach to the bottom of the hole (3557.4 m DRF) failed, therefore, it was decided to log up from that depth. A repeat and a main pass were acquired. After the tool string reached the surface without further incidents the shipboard party decided to further try and pass the bridge and log the remainder of the basalt section. The tool string was modified by eliminating the magnetic susceptibility (MSS) tool and replacing it with a hole finder. Again, the tool string could not pass the bridge and data were acquired only down to 3137 m WRF. Because there were signs that the hole was deteriorating quickly any further logging operation was cancelled.

 

The hole deviation was 3-4 degrees.

 

The average heave was about 1.5 m with occasional peaks of 3 m just prior to logging. The motion heave compensator was used whenever the tools were in open hole.

 

The depths in the table are for the processed logs (after depth shift to the sea floor and depth matching between passes). Generally, discrepancies may exist between the sea floor depths determined from the downhole logs and those determined by the drillers from the pipe length. Typical reasons for depth discrepancies are ship heave, wireline and pipe stretch, tides, and the difficulty of getting an accurate sea floor from a 'bottom felt' depth in soft sediment.

 

Processing

 

Depth match and depth shift to sea floor. The original logs were first depth-matched to the gamma ray log from the main pass of the MSS/HRLA/DSI/HLDS/EDTC-B/HNGS tool string. Depth matching is typically done in the following way. One log is chosen as reference (base) log (usually the total gamma ray log from the run with the greatest vertical extent and no sudden changes in cable speed), and then the features in the equivalent logs from the other runs are matched to it in turn. This matching is performed manually. The depth adjustments that were required to bring the match log in line with the base log are then applied to all the other logs from the same tool string.

 

The depth-matched logs were then shifted to the sea floor. The sea floor depth was determined by the step in gamma ray values at 2800 m WRF (same as the driller's water depth).

 

Environmental corrections. The HNGS, HRLA, and HLDS uplog data were corrected for hole size using the caliper readings during the recording, while the downlog data were corrected utilizing the bit size.

 

High-resolution data. Bulk density (HLDS) data were recorded at sampling rates of 2.54 and 5.08 cm, respectively, in addition to the standard sampling rate of 15.24 cm. The enhanced bulk density curve is the result of Schlumberger enhanced processing technique performed on the MAXIS system onboard. While in normal processing short-spacing data are smoothed to match the long-spacing one, in enhanced processing this is reversed. In a situation where there is good contact between the HLDS pad and the borehole wall (low-density correction) the results are improved, because the short spacing has better vertical resolution. Gamma ray data from the EDTC-B tool were recorded at sampling rates of 5.08 and 15.24 cm.  The HRLA was also acquired every 5.08 cm; in the database it was resampled at 15.24 cm, for ease of comparison with the other logs.

 

Acoustic data. The dipole shear sonic imager (DSI) was operated in the following modes: P&S monopole and upper and lower dipole during all 4 passes. The sonic velocities were computed from the delay times. They are generally of good quality, however, reprocessing of the sonic waveforms is recommended post cruise to get more accurate results.

 

Quality Control

 

The quality of the data is assessed by checking against reasonable values for the logged lithologies, by repeatability between different passes of the same tool, and by correspondence between logs affected by the same formation property (e.g. the resistivity log should show similar features to the sonic velocity log).

 

Gamma ray logs recorded through bottom hole assembly (BHA) and drill pipe should be used only qualitatively, because of the attenuation of the incoming signal. The thick-walled BHA attenuates the signal more than the thinner-walled drill pipe.

 

A wide (>12") and/or irregular borehole affects most recordings, particularly those that require eccentralization and a good contact with the borehole wall (HLDS). Hole diameter was recorded by the hydraulic caliper on the HLDS tool (LCAL). The hole becomes larger and very irregular from 245 m WMSF to the bottom of the logged section.

 

A null value of -999.25 may replace invalid log values.

 

Additional information about the drilling and logging operations can be found in the Operations and Downhole Measurements sections of the expedition report, Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, Expedition 369. For further questions about the logs, if the hole is still under moratorium please contact the staff scientist of the expedition.


After the moratorium period you may direct your questions to:

 

Cristina Broglia

Phone: 845-365-8343

Fax: 845-365-3182

E-mail: Cristina Broglia

 

Tanzhuo Liu

Phone: 845-365-8630

Fax: 845-365-3182

E-mail: Tanzhuo Liu