Hole Mallik-5L38

Wireline Sonic Waveform Data

Science operator: JAPEX-JNOC-GSC

Hole: Mallik-5L38

Location: McKenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada

Latitude: 69° 27' 39.302" N

Longitude: 134° 39' 38.898" W

Logging date: February 21-22, 2002

Total penetration: 1166 m

Permafrost depth: 613 m

Casing depth: 676.5 m

Kelly bushing: 5.6 m above sea level. Depth reference for all logs.

Ground elevation: 1 m above sea level.

Gas hydrate zones: 892-930 (A), 9342-993 m (B), 1070-1107 m (C)

Lithologies: Sand, silty sand, and sandy silt with various amounts of clay.

ACOUSTIC TOOL USED: DSI (Dipole Sonic Imager)

Recording mode: Monopole P&S and Upper and Lower Dipole, Cross-Dipole and Stoneley mode.

Remarks about the recording: none.

MONOPOLE P&S MODE: measures compressional and hard-rock shear slowness. The monopole transmitter is excited by a high-frequency pulse, which reproduces conditions similar to previous sonic tools.

UPPER DIPOLE MODE: measures shear wave slowness using firings of the upper dipole transmitter.

LOWER DIPOLE MODE: measures shear wave slowness using firings of the lower dipole transmitter.

CROSS-DIPOLE MODE: uses alternate firings of upper and lower dipole transmitter, thus allowing acquisition of orthogonally polarized data for anisotropy studies.

STONELEY MODE: measures low-frequency Stoneley wave slowness. The monopole transmitter, driven by a low-frequency pulse, generates the Stoneley wave.

Acoustic data are recorded in DLIS format. Each of the eight waveforms geerally consists of 512 samples, each recorded every 10 (monopole P&S) and 40 microsec (dipolemodes), at depth intervals of 15.24 cm (6 inches).The original waveforms in DLIS format are first loaded on a virtual PC machine using Schlumberger's Techlog log analysis package. The packed waveform data files are run through a module that applies a gain correction. After they are exported from Techlog in LAS format they are converted into binaryand GIF format (images) are cconverted using in-house software. Each line is composed of the entire waveform set recorded at each depth, preceded by the depth (multiplied by 10 to be stored as an integer). In the general case of 8 waveforms with 512 samples per waveform, this corresponds to 1 + 8x512 = 4097 columns. In this hole, the specifications of the files are:

Number of columns: 4097

Number of rows: 4030 (main)

Number of rows: 1219 (repeat)

The following files have been loaded:

DSI from DSI/GPIT/HNGS (Main Pass, casing at 676.5 m)

mallik-5L38_cd_udip_cl_main.bin: 544-1165 m

mallik-5L38_cd_udip_il_main.bin: 544-1165 m

mallik-5L38_mono_main.bin: 544-1165 m

mallik-5L38_st_main.bin: 544-1165 m

mallik-5L38_udip_main.bin: 544-1165 m

DSI from DSI/GPIT/HNGS (Repeat Pass, open hole)

mallik-5L38_cd_udip_cl_rep.bin: 971-1164 m

mallik-5L38_cd_udip_il_rep.bin: 971-1164 m

mallik-5L38_mono_rep.bin: 971-1164 m

mallik-5L38_st_rep.bin: 971-1164 m

mallik-5L38_udip_rep.bin: 971-1164 m

All logs depths are referred to the kelly bushing, which is 5.6 m above sea level.

All values are stored as '32 bits IEEE float'.

Any image or signal-processing program should allow to import the files and display the data.

The sonic waveform files are depth-matched to the reference run. Please refer to the 'depth_matches' folder in the hole index page for the depth-matching values and to the "DEPTH SHIFT" section in the standard processing notes for further information.

NOTE: For users interested in converting the data to a format more suitable for their own purpose, a simple routine to read the binary files would include a couple of basic steps (here in old fashioned fortran 77, but would be similar in matlab or other languages):

The first step is to extract the files dimensions and specification from the header, which is the first record in each file:

open (1, file = *.bin,access = 'direct', recl = 50) <-- NB:50 is enough to real all fields

read (1, rec = 1)nz, ns, nrec, ntool, mode, dz, scale, dt

close (1)

The various fields in the header are:
      - number of depths
      - number of samples per waveform and per receiver
      - number of receivers
      - tool number (0 = DSI; 1 = SonicVISION; 2 = SonicScope; 3 = Sonic Scanner; 4 = XBAT; 5 = MCS; 6 = SDT; 7 = LSS; 8 = SST; 9 = BHC; 10 = QL40; 11 = 2PSA)
      - mode (1 = Lower Dipole, 2 = Upper Dipole, 3 = Stoneley, 4 = Monopole)
      - vertical sampling interval *
      - scaling factor for depth (1.0 = meters; 0.3048 = feet) *
      - waveform sampling rate in microseconds *

All those values are stored as 4 bytes integers, except for the ones marked by an asterisk, stored as 4 bytes IEEE floating point numbers.

Then, if the number of depths, samples per waveform/receiver, and receivers are nz, ns, and nrec, respectively, a command to open the file would be:

open (1, file = *.bin, access = 'direct', recl = 4*(1 + nrec*ns))

Finally, a generic loop to read the data and store them in an array of dimension nrec × ns × nz would be:

do k = 1, nz

read (1, rec = 1+k) depth(k), ((data(i,j,k), j = 1,ns), i = 1,nrec)

enddo

Additional information about the drilling and logging operations can be found in the Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin 585 (https://doi.org/10.4095/220702).

For questions about the logDB database, you may direct your questions to:

Cristina Broglia

Phone: 845-365-8343

Fax: 845-365-3182

E-mail: Cristina Broglia

Tanzhuo Liu

Phone: 845-365-8630

Fax: 845-365-3182

E-mail: Tanzhuo Liu

Gilles Guerin

Phone: 845-365-8671

Fax: 845-365-3182

E-mail: Gilles Guerin