Standard Wireline Data Processing

Science operator: Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratory

Drilling operator: Boart Longyear Drillling Services

Logging operator: Schlumberger, Stoller Inc.

Hole: Wallula-01 Pilot Hole

Location: 20 km SW of Pasco, Western Walla Walla County (Washington State)

Latitude: ~46° N (Section 10, Township, 7 Range 31E)

Longitude: ~119° W

Total penetration: 4110 ft

Logging date: April 18-19, 2009 (Schlumberger)

Elevation (kelly bushing): 5.5 ft

Casing: 20 in. (0-56 ft)

Casing: 14 in. (56-1108 ft)

Casing: 7 in. (1108-2716 ft)

Injection zone: 2716-2910 ft

Cement plug: 2910-4110 ft

Lithology: Basalts (Columbia River Basalt Group, CRBG)

Wireline Logging

Wireline logging was carried out by Schlumberger and Stoller Inc. Stoller Inc. conducted a cement bond log from 1108 ft to the surface within the 14 in. casing and from 2720 ft to the surface within the 7 in. casing. In addition, Stoller Inc. collected data in five logging runs in the 12 1/2 in. open hole: gamma ray, spontaneous potential, 4-arm caliper, dipole sonic, and resistivity. No open-hole were acquired above 1100 ft.

Schlumberger acquired open-hole logs that required radioactive sources and more complex tool strings from total depth at 4110 ft to 1108 ft and through the 14 in. casing with porosity, gamma ray, resistivity, and acoustic tools. A temperature log was finally collected from the total depth to the surface,

Available Data

Only Schlumberger data were avalable at LDEO-BRG. The FMI files did not include the original image data and therefore they could not be processed. The FMI image data presented on LogDB were processed by Schlumberger from 2000 ft to total depth.

The available data were reviewed for quality control and formatted for upload onto the LogDB database at the Borehole Research Group of the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory in May, 2021.

Log data	Run type	Top depth (ft)	Bottom depth (ft)	Casing depth (ft)	Notes
PEX (TLD, HGNS, EDTC, MCFL)	1	43	4102.5	1108, 56
AIT/ECS/HGNS	2	27.5	4104	1108, 56
FMI/SonicScanner/GPIT/EDTC	3	90	4098	1108	Depth reference
RST/PSP/GR	4	1108	4098	1108

Processing

Depth match. The original logs were depth-matched to the gamma ray log from the FMI/SonicScanner/GPIT/EDTC tool string. Depth matching is typically done in the following way. One log is chosen as reference (base) log and then the features in the equivalent logs from the other runs are matched to it in turn. This matching is performed manually. The depth adjustments that were required to bring the match log in line with the base log are then applied to all the other logs from the same tool string. Minor deph matches were required in the Wallula hole.

High-resolution data. Bulk density (TLD) was acquired with a sampling rate of 2 in., while the neutron porosity (HGNS) data were recorded with sampling rates of 2 and 6 in. The gamma ray data from the HGNS and EDTC-B tools were recorded with sampling rates of 2 and 6 inch. The resistivity data (AIT and MCFL) were acquired every 3 and 2 in., respectively.

Acoustic data. The SonicScanner was operated in the following modes: P&S monopole, cross-dipole, and upper and lower dipole. The sonic tool acquired data open-hole from TD to 1108 ft and through the 14 in. casing to 90 ft. The velocities were computed from the delay times. They are generally of excellent quality. The online database includes both the original data and the data processed by Schlumberger.

Quality Control

The quality of the data is commonly assessed by checking against reasonable values for the logged lithologies, by repeatability between different passes of the same tool, and by correspondence between logs affected by the same formation property (e.g. the resistivity log should show similar features to the sonic velocity log). The data of the Wallula hole are of excellent quality.

Gamma ray logs recorded through the casing should be used qualitatively, because of the attenuation of the incoming signal.

A wide and/or irregular borehole affects most recordings, particularly those that require eccentralization and a good contact with the borehole wall (TLD, HGNS). Hole diameter was recorded by the hydraulic caliper on the PEX (HCAL) and FMI tool strings (C1, C2, HD1, and HD2). The caliper data indicate that the hole was in good conditions. In the open hole section below 1108 ft where the drill bit was 12 1/4 in. the hole is generally in the 13-15 in. range, with local enlargements up to 17 in.

A null value of -999.25 may replace invalid log values.

Additional information about the Wallula-01 Pilot Hole is available at:

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2011.02.557

https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GC004305

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.03.1716

Cristina Broglia

Phone: 845-365-8343

Fax: 845-365-3182

E-mail: Cristina Broglia

Gilles Guerin

Phone: 845-365-8671

Fax: 845-365-3182

E-mail: Gilles Guerin